Management Accounting Essay - 1907 Words

Management in business and human organization activity, in simple terms means the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals. Management comprises planning, organizing, -resourcing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources. Management can also refer to the person or people who perform the act(s) of management. Basic functions of management Management operates through various functions, often classified as planning, organizing, leading/motivating and controlling.†¦show more content†¦This is because of the different emphasis: management accounting information is used within an organization, typically for decision-making. According to the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA), Management Accounting is the process of identification, measurement, accumulation, analysis, preparation, interpretation and communication of information used by management to plan, evaluate and control within an entity and to assure appropriate use of and accountability for its resources. Management accounting also comprises the preparation of financial reports for non management groups such as shareholders, cr-ors, regulatory agencies and tax authorities (CIMA Official Terminology) The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants(AICPA) states that management accounting practice extends to the following three areas: Strategic Management—Advancing the role of the management accountant as a strategic partner in the organization. Performance Management—Developing the practice of business decision-making and managing the performance of the organization. Risk Management—Contributing to frameworks and practices for identifying, measuring, managing and reporting risks to the achievement of the objectives of the organization. The Institute of Certified Management Accountants (ICMA),Show MoreRelatedManagement Accounting1950 Words   |  8 PagesManagement in business and human organization activity, in simple terms means the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals. Management comprises planning, organizing, -resourcing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources. ManagementRead MoreAccounting Analysis On Management Accounting Essay1210 Words   |  5 PagesManagement Accounting Introduction: Management accounting technique is the procedure of understanding, analyzing, exam, calculating, deciphers, and transfers the verbal data to chase of company objectives. The section of bookkeeping is called as cost accounting. The difference between the financial and managerial bookkeeping data is the goal at assist the administrators inside the corporation to create choice as per their situations. Even as economic bookkeeping is intended at giving data to gatheringRead MoreManagement Accounting1870 Words   |  8 PagesRunning Head: MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING The Management Accountant in Business [Name of the Writer] [Name of the Institution] The Management Accountant in Business Introduction Tesco Public Limited Company is a merchandising retailer and a grocery retailer multinational chain which has it’s headquarter in Cheshunt in the United Kingdom. Tesco as compared to its counterparts, Walmart and Carrefour, is the world’s third largest retail store with regard to the revenues that it generates. Tesco standsRead MoreManagement Accounting1590 Words   |  7 Pagestaxes | | 1600000 | Income Taxes 30% | | 480000 | Net income | | 1120000 | Scenario: The sales agents want sales commissions increased to 20%, this will caused the commission to agents would increase to $3,200,000 (20%X $16,000,000). The management of Pittman Company suggested to employ company’s sales force and incurred $2,400,000 fixed costs for the sales force. Besides Pittman Company would also save $75,000 a year because no need to pay the audit firm for check out the agent reports, soRead MoreImpact of Environmental Accounting on Management Accounting7424 Words   |  30 Pages1.0 Introduction According to The Environment Agency in the United Kingdom (2006), Environmental Accounting can be defined as: â€Å"The collection, analysis and assessment of environmental and financial performance data obtained from business management information systems, environmental management and financial accounting systems. The taking of corrective management action to reduce environmental impacts and costs plus, where appropriate, the external reporting of the environmental and financialRead MoreStrategic Management Accounting13457 Words   |  54 Pagesthis journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0951-3574.htm AAAJ 21,2 Strategic management accounting: how far have we come in 25 years? Kim Langï ¬ eld-Smith Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the origins of strategic management accounting and to assess the extent of adoption and â€Å"success† of strategic management accounting (SMA). Design/methodology/approach – Empirical papers which have directly researched SMARead MoreManagement Accounting Assignment980 Words   |  4 Pages602 Management Accounting David Xu Id: 65990771 Session Preparation Assignment (SPA) #2 Understanding Key Cost Relationships 1. Read Chapter 2 of SN, Key meanings in the Chapter. Understanding key cost in a firm is the most important issue in management accounting. That is because business survives on value exchange. Customers and business are willing to exchange money and services (products) based on the costs. How products cost can effect a firm’s financial health isRead MoreThe Implications Of Management Accounting2362 Words   |  10 Pages1987, Johnson and Kaplan studied the evolution of management accounting and how it has lost relevance today. In the world of technology, competitive environment many issues have escalated, therefore management accounting methods aren’t relevant. Management accounting systems used by the firms before do not apply to organisations today. Hence the reason why the two academics explored reasons why organisations need to develop the methods in which they measure their performance and costs. This essayRead MoreEthics in Management Accounting2322 Words   |  10 PagesASSIGNMENT ON ASSURANCE OF LEARNING – ETHICS IN MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING (CMA) Awoluyi Adekunle, Matric Number: 201403007 JUNE 29, 2015 MEMBA 3 LBS, Lagos AWOLUYI ADEKUNLE Matric Number: 201403007 Introduction The source of cost management ethical problems in any organization can be one or more of the following; 1. 2. 3. 4. Organisation’s management expectation Vs. professional ethics Personal desire for recognition / and promotion within the company Strife for quick moneyRead MoreDifferences Between Management Accounting and Financial Accounting1624 Words   |  7 PagesSTUDENT NO: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... SEMINAR TUTOR †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... Introduction Accounting is concerned with providing both financial and non-financial information that will help decision makers to make good decisions. An understanding of accounting therefore requires an understanding of the decision making process and an awareness of the users of accounting information. The major purposes of accounting are to formulate overall strategies and long-run plans. Resource allocation decisions such

Corporate Social Responsibility in the Marketplace

In understanding the subject of social responsibility in business, there are many varying views and theories presented. The argument, at the extremes, is one that is purely economic in nature and the other that requires corporation’s responsibility to society. Today society demands social responsiveness of businesses in the marketplace. A businesses’ failure to act socially or ethically responsible, in some cases, could form the foundation for its own peril. My paper attempts to define social responsibility, discuss views and theories, and provide case examples where businesses respond to situations in the global marketplace. The argument that corporation’s responsibility to shareholders to maximize profits as a sole objective is no longer†¦show more content†¦This is the voice of the laisser-faire 1980s. Elaine Sternberg, a classicist advocate, who argues that there is a human rights case against Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), which is that a st akeholder approach to management deprives shareholders of their property rights. She states that the objectives sought by conventional views of social responsibility are absurd. Not all aspects of CSR are guilty of this, however. Sternberg states that ordinary decency, honesty, and fairness are expected of any corporation† (Baker). â€Å"The corporate citizen theory argues that businesses have an obligation to do good for society (Cheeseman 160). Businesses have a duty to society to help solve problems that they did not cause. This theory aligns best with the socioeconomic view of social responsibility. â€Å"The socioeconomic view requires management’s responsibility to surpass making profits to include protecting and improving society’s welfare. This view sees that corporations are not independent entities, responsible only to stockholders. Corporations also have the responsibility to the larger society that endorses their creation through laws and regulation s and supports them by purchasing their products and services. Organizations are expected and encouraged to become involved socially, politically, and legally† (Robbins/Coulter 100-01). From the classic economic or maximizing profits view to theShow MoreRelatedLiving Up to Ethical and Social Responsibilities: The Case of Occidental Petroleum Corporation1394 Words   |  6 PagesLiving Up to Ethical and Social Responsibilities: The Case of Occidental Petroleum Corporation Introduction The recent assassination of a U.S. ambassador in Libya and the rampant anti-American sentiments being expressed in other parts of the world is proof positive that many American-based multinational are faced with a hostile operating environment that demands informed and timely responses. 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Nike has continued to soar in the marketplace and in 2006, Nike’s annual revenue was 15 billion dollars, sold Nike apparel in140 countries and had a global manufacturing network of 600 factories and employed 650,000 people. If someone were looking at the financials of Nike, one would see aRead MoreExamining the Corporate Social Responsibility Claims of Kelloggs1715 Words   |  7 Pagescompany that has always stated its dedication to being a leader in industry, innovation and marketing. (Kellogg) CSR Kellogg’s claim that corporate responsibility has always been a vital part of their heritage, and that they have always had a strong commitment to nutrition, health and quality. They maintain their stance that the ever-greater social challenges, such as feeding a growing population, battling world hunger, improving nutrition and addressing the obesity epidemic have been historically—andRead MoreThe Role Of Social Media On The Marketplace Essay1743 Words   |  7 PagesCommunicating In the Marketplace The all encompassing Internet and more recent evolution of Social Media have not only fundamentally changed how corporations communicate internally, but also enabled before unimaginable methods of reaching a global marketplace. Unlike never before, even small businesses are now able to reach beyond their limited local market to a vast consumer base. As previously mentioned in regards to internal communication, the Internet has provided a medium for businesses toRead MoreCorporate Social Responsiblity and Wal-Mart914 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility and Wal-Mart Corporations deal with a wide variety of social issues and problems; some directly related to their operations, some are not. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) can be defined as â€Å"the actions of an organization that are targeted toward achieving a social benefit over and above maximizing profits for its shareholders and meeting all its legal obligations† (Ghillyer 78). If this is the case, establishing appropriate and practical ethical guidelinesRead MoreThe Problems of Social Responsibility1350 Words   |  5 Pages1. INTRODUCTION Combine Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) into strategic management is making and increase profit to a companys business. In recent year, the importance of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has gradually become a very concern to industries. Hence, there have been gradually increasing tensions with many companies and increase the responsibility of managers try to carry out Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to society. In fact, managers should be having knowledge and understandingRead MoreBrief Corporate History and Corporate Communication Practices1630 Words   |  7 Pages Brief Corporate History and Corporate Communication Practices The company eBay Inc that was named AuctionWeb back then was borned back in September 1995 in San Jose, California by the founder, Pierre Omidyar who was a computer programmer. eBay Inc is a multinational Internet consumer-to-consumer corporation where it was a marketplace for individuals for sale of goods and services. Jeff Skoll was hired as the first president of the company after a year. In 1997, Auction Web officially changed its

Major Conflict in Theogony free essay sample

Major conflicts in the Theogony (Essay) Having read the Theogony, I can briefly say that Hesiod tries to portray the similar connections of three generation of gods; as well as emphasizing the major conflicts between the matriarchal and patriarchal systems. When we look through what has come into existence first, we encounter with Chaos, which indicates the complication of things for a while. After Chaos, the great goddess Gaea, who is the head of the matriarchal system (symbolizing fertility), comes to life. She gives birth to the universe without the help of man, what we call parthenogenesis. This demonstrates her magnificent power as a deity. In the matriarchal system women are considered magical because they are the only creatures that have the ability to give birth. This skill is very crucial for sustaining the cycle of nature. However, later, when the matriarchal system is overthrown   by the patriarchal, we   run into Zeus   who gives birth to Athena from his head   without a mate. The significance of this unusual birth is, now the male has the power to be the creator and the female power is transferred into male wisdom. After Gaea, Tartaros and Eros come to life.Then Gaia and Ouranos ( who used to be her consort) lay together (becomes her lover and husband) and bear the twelve Titans. The last Titan, which she bears, is Kronos. She later bears the Kyklopes, who have one eye in the middle of their foreheads. Zeus uses them against the Titans in the war, which we see later in the poem. From the day they are born (the moment they come out of the womb), Gaea’s children hate their father. This is because Ouranos has hidden them in Gaea’s womb and has not let them return to light. Ouranos has done that because he is afraid that one of his sons may take his place.We see the conflict between the matriarchal and patriarchal here as the sons belong to Gaea, representing the feminine domination. If one of the children overthrows his father then the matriarchal domination will take place and repress the patriarchal, which is not good for the men’s benefits. This event makes Gaea so angry that she looks for a way to take revenge. Cunningly, she provokes her sons and Kronos handles the task. She gives him a sharp-toothed knife and Kronos hacks off his father’s genitals by using it. The reason why Kronos castrates his father is owing to the fact that genitals are the organs which are used by man to produce.They are the symbol of man’s fertility. By slaying them, Kronos leaves his father powerless and   disabled. Then the bloody drops scatters all around and some of them falls into the sea. As they are covered by the sea for a long time, white foam rises from them forming Aphorodite. Aphrodite is formed from sea due to the fact that sea represents the unconcious ( the hidden part / matriarchal’s repression by the patriarchal) as under the sea is relatively dark. The power of the unconcious is very sexual and this is why Aphodite represents ‘sexuality’.After Kronos falls in love with Rhea, she bears him illustrious children, including Zeus. During the birth, when each child moves from the sacred womb, Kronos starts to swallow him/her. He does this in spite of Rhea’s unceasing grief since his purpose is to prevent any other child from subduing his power. It’s considerably ironic because he does the same thing (try to get rid of his own children) what Ouranos (his father) has done to him and his siblings. This again shows the conflict between the matriarchal and patriarchal systems. By swallowing each child, Kronos impedes the intervention of the feminine power.Hilariously, Kronos doesn’t realize that Zeus is taken away by witty Rhea. He thinks that he has swallowed him. In fact he has tricked by Rhea and has swallowed a stone instead given by her. Eventually he is defeated by his own destiny. When Zeus gets his thunder and lightning power from his uncles, he becomes the mighty sky god of the universe. Nevertheless, some people like Prometheus are not content with that. He tries to steal Zeus’s power and tricks him. Getting aware of what’s going on, Zeus punishes him and puts him into chains. Unfortunately, he doesn’t get a lesson out of that.One more time, he tries to deceive Zeus. This is the last drop, which drives Zeus crazy. As a result, Zeus gives women as a punishment for men. It’s another specific example to the conflict. Women are considered very malice individuals as they are the rivals of the male domination and the punishment is seemed very harsh by the mankind. Later a struggle takes place between the Titans ( the old generation, coming from the matriarchal) and the Olympian gods ( the new generation coming from the patriarchal). This struggle signifies that the older generation tries to get power from the new.More explicitly, the matriarchal which has been supressed by the patriarchal, tries to find a way to come into the surface and be the authority again. However, at the end the Titans are defeated and they go to the Underworld. This shows that the matriarchal system is not as powerful as it used to be. Nonetheless, Gaea doesn’t give up by the defeat and bear Typhoeus who is a snake with a hundred hands and he challanges Zeus. Being a snake, he represents the consort of the female. He is a threat to the patriarchal system. After a difficult fight, Zeus overcomes him and becomes victorious.With this the patriarchal system proves that it has the complete power to control the cosmos. The matriarchal is overwhelmed totally. Then Zeus sleeps with Demeter and they together bear the beautiful Persephone, who is abducted by Aidoneus to the Underworld. When she is abducted, Demeter is in terrible pain and grief. However Zeus arranges Persephone’s marriage with Aidoneus without paying attention to what Demeter thinks. Persephone’s story is another example to the conflict. The patriarchal system wears down the matriarchal by taking what is important to them, by causing tremendous pain.Last of all, Zeus marries with Hera who is associated with the Great Goddess. When Hera marries Zeus, she becomes less important because she subordinates him. It’s also because Zeus has used to be her consort when the cosmos has used to be ruled by the matriarchal system. Although Zeus betrays Hera all the time with other females, Hera remains sexually loyal to him. Zeus takes all these women because he is the father of all gods and everything. He subordinates the power of women and they become inferior to him. Hera becomes very jealous as Zeus continues to cheat on her.Due to her anger, she bears Hephaistos without the help of Zeus. However, Hephaistos is not glorious in some ways becuase he is crippled from his leg. This shows that women’s (the matriarchal) power is not enough to bear children soundly anymore. Her power has been diminished   by the men. Seeing Hera challenging him, Zeus wants to take revenge. He makes love with Alkmene and she bears him Herakles. The reason why he gives the name Herakles to him is because it includes the word Hera in it, which makes Hera spiteful. Even in the name occasion, we observe the clash.I’ve tried to emphasize how the patriarchal gains power and becomes the leader of the universe. As you see, there are many examples of the conflict, which is scattered in every level of the cosmos. The matriarchal tries many ways to hinder it, yet all its efforts are in vain. If we look at it from another perspective, it’s also because men takes over most of the hard jobs which requires tremendous energy such as fighting, hunting, trading and women comes after him (secondly in rank) mostly engaging with growing up children and doing housework. This changes the balances of the world and the patriarchal stands out instead of the matriarchal.

Gun Control and Crime Rates A Comparative Study free essay sample

Gun control has been an issue in the United States of America since its founding in 1776. After all, the first shots that were fired in the Revolutionary War at Lexington and Concord were an effort by the American colonists to keep the British army from taking the guns from the colonial armory. Even after gaining freedom from British control, the American people were obviously still concerned about their rights to own guns. This can be seen in the 2nd Amendment to the Constitution which says â€Å" the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. † Owning guns has been a staple of the conservative portion of America. More recently however, many have been clamoring for more restrictive gun laws. These calls for increased regulation on guns have been from those who perceive guns and gun-owners as potential threats to peace. The pro-gun crowd responds by emphatically stating that they have a right to own guns. With every mass shooting and tragedy that occurs both sides get louder and louder. The debate rages on and on. It is important to ask several questions in this debate. Does gun ownership deter crime or increase crime? Do states with a higher gun-ownership rate have a lower crime-rate or is it the opposite? Do gun control law have an affect on crime rates? If so, how long does it take a gun control law to affect the rate of crime? This article aims to answer those questions. The ultimate purpose of this article is to prove that states with looser gun control laws have a lower crime rate and violent crime rate than those with more restrictive gun control laws. A second purpose of this paper is to look at the theory of why this may be the case. The theory that is being proposed herein, is that states who make it easier for people to own guns legally are states with lower crime rates. To put it simply, the more law-abiding citizens with guns, the less crime that occurs. Literature Review Before quoting stats and citing numbers it is essential to look at what both sides are saying about the current gun-control controversy. It is impossible to get an accurate look at this debate without fairly considering both sides. There have been an inordinate amount of gun related articles published in the last decade or so. That being said its not hard to distinguish the two side in this debate. On one side there are the traditional conservatives who are in favor of little to no gun-control. On the other side are those who favor a stricter gun control policy. Let us first consider those who speak in favor of additional gun-control laws. The predominant theory among those who hold this point of view is that more guns equals more violence. Consider what Fareed Zakaria had to say in his article entitled â€Å"The Case For Gun Control. † â€Å"Gun violence in America is off the chart compared with every other country on the planet. † Zakaria says. He goes on to compare the United States to a few other countries and then finishes the paragraph by stating â€Å" We have many, many more guns. † Zakaria is not the only person that holds these sentiments. U. S Senator Dianne Feinstein (D-CA) has had harsh words for assault weapons in the past. Recently, in an interview with the New York times she said â€Å"How many assault weapons do you need circulating? To have these mass killings is such a blight on everything that America stands for. † By â€Å"mass killings† Feinstein is referring to recent tragedies such as the Newtown, CT, shooting which claimed the lives of twenty-six and the Aurora, CO, shooting which claimed twelve. Those who favor tighten gun control point to these examples as proof that more guns makes for more violence and death. Many of them also argue that it is possible for these murderers to go on these deadly rampages because it is too easy for them to get their hands on high-powered guns. Senator Frank Lautenberg (D-NJ) said in an article in the Junior Scholastic Journal that, â€Å"Its too easy for criminals, the mentally unstable, and even terrorists to buy dangerous weapons. † He went on to advocate tighter controls on prospective gun-buyers and more thorough background checks. He concluded by saying â€Å"People shouldnt have to live in fear of guns. Thats why I want to make it harder for dangerous people to get hold of them. † Many of those who advocate for more gun-control are not actively trying to restrict the rights of the people. Oftentimes they are just trying to do what they think is best for the nation and the people as a whole. The other side of the aisle have arguments that are equally strong. One of the most cited studies used to combat further gun control is a book written in 1997 by John Lott entitled â€Å"More Guns, Less Crime. † Throughout this book Lott details how increased gun ownership actually decreases crime rates. He starts by giving examples of how gun-owners used concealed handguns to deter criminals from potentially harming them or their families. He goes on to explain that if criminals know that there may be a cost involved with an attempted crime, then the criminal is much less likely to engage in that criminal activity. Several other conservative authors have further extrapolated Lotts study and agreed with his analysis. As of late, many conservative authors, scholars and columnists have spoken out against increased gun control laws that have resulted because of mass shootings. Erich Pratt, a columnist for U. S News and World Report had this to say, â€Å"The president and members of Congress are pouncing on the recent shooting in Connecticut and are trying to exploit it for political gain. Sadly, if they get their way, we will see even more of these horrific tragedies. † He goes on to explain that most of the shootings that have happened have taken place in â€Å"gun-free zones. † He points out that criminals who want to break the law do not care about signs that tell them that they cannot have guns in a specified areas. The only people who are restricted are law-abiding citizens. He then goes on to give examples of people who stopped potential mass shootings with weapons of their own. Wayne LaPierre, CEO of the National Rifle Association echoes Pratt. â€Å"Gun-control laws have never, and can never, reduce violent crime. â€Å"Thats because anti-gun laws dont affect criminals, who ignore all laws. Government studies prove it, finding that most criminals get guns through theft or the black market, where gun laws have no effect† says Lapierre in an article published in the New York Times Upfront. The conservative right seems to be quite united in their stand against more gun control. Beyond the rhetoric that both sides hurl at each other, there have been several great studies that have been conducted on the subject of gun control and crime. Specifically, there are two studies, one by the University of Harvard, called Would Banning Firearms Reduce Murder and Suicide? Another poll conducted by Quinnipiac University, called â€Å"Background Checks Could Lead To Gun Confiscation, Many Voters Tell Quinnipiac University National Poll; But 91 Percent Want Universal Gun Checks. † The study produced by Harvard, which was published in the Harvard Journal of Law Public Policy, is actually a European study that compares several different countries and their varying levels of gun control. After analyzing the gun laws in each country the study takes a look at the crime-rate in each country. The study looks at a total of eighteen countries. The results were interesting. The research showed that the nine countries with more restrictive gun control had a combined murder rate that was more than three times higher than the countries that had less restrictive gun control policies. The studys authors write, â€Å"If the mantra more guns equal more death and fewer guns equal less death were true, broad cross-national comparisons should show that nations with higher gun ownership per capita consistently have more death. Nations with higher gun ownership rates, however, do not have higher murder or suicide rates than those with lower gun ownership. Indeed many high gun ownership nations have much lower murder rates. † The poll that was conducted by Quinnipiac University is a little different. Qunnipiac sent out several questions regarding gun control and various laws that could be passed or bans that could be introduced. The poll shows that most Americans favor stricter gun control. Specifically, the results show that 91% of Americans favor universal background checks before purchasing guns of any type. This is interesting considering that recently, American voters said, by a margin of 48%-38% (with the rate among gun owners sitting a a much higher 53%-34%), that the government could use extensive background checks to repossess legally owned and acquired guns. Still, the study shows that Americans do generally support more restrictive gun control, including a ban on high capacity magazines and a ban on all assault weapons. Data And Methods Before numbers can be accurately looked at, it is important to define the terms that will be used. When defining gun control The Brady Campaign is one of the most accurate measures of gun control by state. Every year The Brady Campaign gives every state a scorecard. The scale on the scorecard is 0-100. Zero being the least restrictive gun control measures and one hundred being the most restrictive. Points can be scored in several different categories. The categories are: gun dealer regulations, record retention, crime gun identification, owner must report lost/stolen guns, background checks, permit to purchase, ammunition regulation, assault weapons ban, large capacity magazine ban, child safety, guns in public places and local control, CCW discretion, no state preemption, and finally, a limit on bulk purchases. These will be the categories that will be considered when comparing the levels of different states gun control policies. Another set of terms that must be defined and operationalized is crime-rate. This study will compare not only the overall crime-rate of each of the states, but also the violent crime-rate. These statistics will pulled from the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The FBI takes these statistics every year and publishes them for the public to see. The FBI uses the Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR) to obtain their information on crime. The UCR is a collection of over 18,000 different city, university/college, county, state, tribal, and federal law enforcement agencies all voluntarily reporting crime to the program. Crime information can be submitted either to the state branch of UCR or to the federal UCR. In this particular study statistics from the year 2010 will be used. Lastly, population must be defined. In this study the population of each state will be the population that was measured in 2010 by the United States Census Bureau. This is to be consistent with the crime-rate statistics, which, as has already been mentioned, are the numbers from 2010. Also, 2010 is the most recent country-wide census that has been conducted by the government. Research Design A total of six states will be compared in this study. The states will be divided up into three different side-by-side comparisons. The states that will be studied are: Indiana, Illinois, New Jersey, Delaware, Texas and California. Indiana will be compared to Illinois, New Jersey to Delaware and California to Texas. These states were chosen and pair together for three main reasons. First, the gun control laws of the states in each comparison are very different. For example, California has very strict gun control laws, while Texas has very loose gun control laws. Second, geographical proximity. Illinois and Indiana are neighbors in the Mid-West. New Jersey and Delaware border each other on the East Coast and California and Texas are relatively close in the West. Texas and California also both share a border with Mexico which could factor into the crime-rate. Finally, varying sizes, location, population and laws. In order for this study to be as accurate as possible states of different size, geographical location, total population and specific laws must be measured. For example, Illinois has moderate gun control laws, but they are not nearly as restrictive as Californias, at the same time they are not nearly as loose as Indianas. The geography has been explained, but to further the point, different areas of the United States have different sub-cultures, by looking at several different states we can see how gun control works in these different sub-cultures. Also, the variable of population comes into play. Each of these states has a different level of population and population density. Again, by looking at varying levels of population we can see how different levels of gun control affect each state. Obviously states with a much higher population will have more total crimes simply for the fact that it has more people. This will be controlled by measuring the average number of crimes committed per 100,000 persons. The varying levels of gun control laws that these states have will be compared and analyzed. Then, the crime-rates and violent crime-rates will be compared and analyzed. The study will be testing to see if there is any correlation between the individual states gun laws and its crime rate. A second item that will be considered is the effect that gun control laws have had in the states. The crime rate in each state will be measured and compared for the last ten years the states that have more gun laws this is to see if the gun control legislation has any measurable affect on the state crime-rate. For states that have very loose gun control laws this is done to see if crime was trending down anyway. Main Body (Research) First, lets consider the levels of gun control laws in each of the states that will be compared. The study specifically chose six states that did not have a zero according to The Brady Campaign. Below is visual representation of each states gun control score according to The Brady Campaign. As can be seen Indiana has a score of 4, which is being compared to Illinois score of 35. Delaware has a 13 which is being compared to New Jerseys 72. Finally, California comes in with a nation-high score of 81 which is being compared to Texas score of only 4. Referring to the different categories that are scored on pages 5 and 6. Both California and New Jersey score at least some points in all categories, Illinois scores in about half of the categories. While Indiana, Texas and Delaware only score in the two most basic categories; Gun Dealer Registration, and Guns In Public Places and Local Control categories. Now that the level of gun control in each state is known, we can now begin the side-by side comparisons. First, lets consider the small states, New Jersey and Delaware. In 2010 Delaware had a population of 897,934 according to the U. S Census Bureau. That same year Delaware reported an overall crime-rate of 4,077. 2 crimes per 100,000 persons and a violent crime rate of 620. 9 crimes per 100,000 people. Remember that Delaware had the relatively low score of 13 according to The Brady Campaign. In 2010 New Jersey reported a total population of 8,791,894. That same year New Jersey reported an overall crime rate of 2387.6 crimes per 100,000 persons and a violent crime rate of 307. 7 crimes per 100,000 persons. Again, remember that New Jersey had the high score of 72 on The Brady Campaign scorecard. Another factor that should be taken into account is the fact that New Jersey has a much higher population than Delaware. This reduces the affect that each crime has on the rate per 100,000. Delaware has a much smaller population, so each crime has a significantly higher affect on the crime-rate per 100,000 inhabitants. If you were to look at the number of crimes committed you would see that Delaware reported just 36,686 total crimes compared to New Jerseys  210,097. Again this is because of the population difference, but since Delawares total population is so small compared to New Jerseys it was important to note. It is also important to note that New Jersey has a much higher percentage of its population in a metropolitan area than Delaware does. In fact, the FBI reported that, technically, 100% of New Jerseys population resides in a metropolitan area. Below is a visual representation of the trend of the violent crime-rate per 100,000 persons in both New Jersey and Delaware over the last ten years. Now lets take a look at the second side-by-side comparison. The more medium-sized, mid-western states Indiana and Illinois. In 2010 Indiana had a population of 6,483,802 people according to the U. S Census Bureau. That same year Indiana reported an overall crime-rate of 3,393. 5 crimes per 100,000 persons and a violent crime-rate of 323. 3 crimes per 100,000 persons. Also in 2010, Illinois had a population of 12,830,632 people. In 2010 Illinois reported an overall crime-rate of 3,118. 1 crimes per 100,000 persons and a violent crime-rate of 444.  9 crimes per persons. It is important to note that, while Indianas total crime-rate is higher than that of Illinois, Illinois violent crime-rate is substantially higher than Indianas. This discrepancy is because Indiana has a higher property crime rate than Illinois, but Illinois has a higher murder rate and aggravated assault rate. Below is a visual representation of the trend of the violent crime-rate per 100,000 persons in both Indiana and Illinois over the last ten years. Last, but not least, let us consider the final side-by-side comparison of this study. The final comparison will be between the two larger, western states, California and Texas. Before looking at the numbers from each state it is important to remember two things. First, both of these states border Mexico. Because of the recent problems with illegal immigration and drug trade, the crime rates of both states may be slightly inflated. Second, these two states have distinctly different sub-cultures. California is distinctly more liberal and Texas has a much more independent, conservative flavor. Now, to the numbers. In 2010 California had a population of 37,253,956 people according to the U.  S Census Bureau. That same year California reported an overall crime-rate of 3,069. 5 crimes per 100,000 persons and a violent crime-rate of 439. 6 crimes per 100,000 persons. In 2010 Texas had a population of 25,145,561 according to the U. S Census Bureau. Also in 2010 Texas reported an overall crime-rate of 4,215. 2 crimes per 100,000 persons and a violent crime-rate of 448. 4 crimes per 100,000 persons. Below is a visual representation of the trend of the violent crime-rate per 100,000 persons in both California and Texas over the last ten years. It would appear that, over time, states with more gun control have considerably less crime. It would be worth someones time in the future to look at individual cities in each state and include additional controls for population and population density. Also, it may be interesting to see the murder rate for each state in comparison to the gun laws. After examining the results there are a few conclusions that can be made. First of all, it is easy to see that my initial hypotheses were mostly wrong. The only state with loose gun control that had a violent crime-rate lower than the state with tighter gun control was Indiana. Even then, Illinois violent crime-rate was trending down and was rapidly catching up to Indianas. Not only that, but Indianas overall crime-rate was higher than Illinois. All of the states that had more restrictive gun control laws showed a downward trend in violent crime over the given ten-year span. Texas also showed a consistent downward trend, but both Indiana and Delaware fluctuated to some extent. It is worth noting that all of the states with more gun laws had a higher population than those with fewer gun laws. Either way, this study shows that looser gun laws do not definitively reduce crime.

An Analysis of Lord of the Flies by William Golding free essay sample

Savage vs. Civilized The main concern of Lord of the flies is the conflict between the two competing drives that all humans have; to live by the rules and act right or to defy the rules and act on ones desires. Meaning Savage vs. Civilized. William Golding associates the instinct of civilization with good and the instinct of savage with evil. In the story the character Ralph is the protagonist who represents civilized, leadership, and order. On the other hand Jack is the antagonist and represents savagery and the desire for power. William implies that people are much more prone to the instinct of savagery than the instinct of civilization, especially without authority. In the beginning of the story, the meetings that the group has are very civilized and everybody abides by the rules. They form a society that has a leader (Ralph) and have a symbol of authority, which is a conch shell. We will write a custom essay sample on An Analysis of Lord of the Flies by William Golding or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They all listen to Ralph and use the conch shell to talk during the meetings; making the meetings very civilized. In the beginning they all do their part whether it be watching the fire, building things, going hunting for food, or getting water, they all did their part. As the story goes on most of the kids start slacking and the jobs are not being done well; they are becoming more savage. For instance the fire goes out when a ship passes, there is not much water in the coconuts, and only 2 people build the last shelter. The kids can’t even have a civilized meeting, and the conch shell is not being put to use as it should be. During the meeting piggy says† What are we? Humans? Or animals? Or savages? What’s grownups going to think? Going off- hunting pigs- letting out fires- and now! † By piggy saying this, it shows that the kids really are acting like wild animals and little savages. They are no longer thinking before they are doing things and have no sense of control or authority. They are beginning to go wild and the instinct of savage is kicking in. An Analysis of Lord of the Flies by William Golding free essay sample Savage vs. Civilized The main concern of Lord of the flies is the conflict between the two competing drives that all humans have; to live by the rules and act right or to defy the rules and act on ones desires. Meaning Savage vs. Civilized. William Golding associates the instinct of civilization with good and the instinct of savage with evil. In the story the character Ralph is the protagonist who represents civilized, leadership, and order. On the other hand Jack is the antagonist and represents savagery and the desire for power. William implies that people are much more prone to the instinct of savagery than the instinct of civilization, especially without authority. In the beginning of the story, the meetings that the group has are very civilized and everybody abides by the rules. They form a society that has a leader (Ralph) and have a symbol of authority, which is a conch shell. We will write a custom essay sample on An Analysis of Lord of the Flies by William Golding or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They all listen to Ralph and use the conch shell to talk during the meetings; making the meetings very civilized. In the beginning they all do their part whether it be watching the fire, building things, going hunting for food, or getting water, they all did their part. As the story goes on most of the kids start slacking and the jobs are not being done well; they are becoming more savage. For instance the fire goes out when a ship passes, there is not much water in the coconuts, and only 2 people build the last shelter. The kids can’t even have a civilized meeting, and the conch shell is not being put to use as it should be. During the meeting piggy says† What are we? Humans? Or animals? Or savages? What’s grownups going to think? Going off- hunting pigs- letting out fires- and now! † By piggy saying this, it shows that the kids really are acting like wild animals and little savages. They are no longer thinking before they are doing things and have no sense of control or authority. They are beginning to go wild and the instinct of savage is kicking in.

The Categories of Aristotle Essay Essay Example

The Categories of Aristotle Essay Essay Example The Categories of Aristotle Essay Essay The Categories of Aristotle Essay Essay Aristotle ( 384-322BC ) is one of the most influential philosophers of the western tradition and had many philosophical plants credited to him. In his treatise on logic jointly known as â€Å"Organon† . Aristotle gave two preliminary treatises ; â€Å"The Categories and De Interpretatione ( on reading ) covering with footings and with propositions severally. This paper is an effort to look at the classs from Aristotle’s position. Hence it is necessary to specify the term class ( Internet Explorers ) from a general point of position foremost. so as to make enabling environment to dig into the classs of Aristotle. THE TERM CATEGORY ( IES ) In remarkable signifier. class harmonizing to Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary is a category or group of people or things regarded as holding certain characteristics in common. Etymologically. the word itself is derived from the Grecian word â€Å"Kategorein† which has the significance of â€Å"predicate† . Thus. the classs signify different ways of predicating something or better still. different manners of being. The exact same significance is besides found in the Latin reading â€Å"praedicamenta† from the verb â€Å"praedicare† intending to asseverate. ARISTOTLE’S CATEGORIES. Aristotle’s classs is a singularly of import work of doctrine. which non merely presents the anchor of Aristotle’s ain philosophical theorizing. but has exerted an alone influence on the systems of many of the greatest philosophers in the western tradition. The set of philosophies in the classs provides the frame work of enquiry for a broad assortment of Aristotle’s philosophical probes. runing from his treatments of clip and alteration in the natural philosophies. to the scientific discipline of Being qua being in the metaphysics. and even widening to his rejection of Platonic moralss in the Nicomachean Ethics. In his treatise. the classs deal with footings in isolation and he used it to demo the different categorization of things. which for him. can be in 10 different categorizations viz. ; substance. measure. relation. quality. topographic point. clip. place. ownership. action and passion. He considers these classs to hold really been in being outside the head and in things and non as unreal creative activities of the head. Thingss for him fell into assorted categorizations by their very nature and we think of them as members of a species or genus because they are. Therefore. thought was connected with the ways things are. and this underlies the close relation between logic and metaphysics. Furthermore. the 10 classs are divided foremost into significant and inadvertent things. The significant which is the substance states whatness or essence/substance. that is a thing which can non be in its ain right. instead does be in another thing as in a topic. THE Tenfold DIVISION OF THE CATEGORIES 1 Substance: this is a thing which can be in its ain right. non merely as a alteration of something else. Substance is the 1. like human being. animate beings. and workss. It is identified from inquiry like ; â€Å"what is the thing? † 2 QUANTITY: in relation to the substance. the measure negotiations about the sum or figure of something that can be measured or that is fixed. For illustration ; the adult male is six pess tall. It is fixed. It is elucidated in inquiries like ; how many or much of it is at that place? In other words. measure is an accident of material things whereby they are extended into infinite. measureable by some mathematical criterion. and capable of being divided into separate parts. It is either diescrete measures or uninterrupted. Discrete measures are figure abd address ; that of uninterrupted are lines. surfaces. solids etc. 3 Quality: this is a term that is used in many senses. However. in this context. it is that in virtuousness of which people ( substances ) are said to be such and such. It is an accident by which a thing is of a certain kind or sort ; its sense qualities and form. how a thing acts ; its abilities and wonts. Therefore. one may inquire for case. what kind of thing is it? Is it green. Sweet. happy. weather etc? 4 Relation: this is an accident that answers the inquiry ; what is the connexion? Example ; are they same. similar. equal. male parent. president. break ones back? It is an accident in a thing which is the bearing or mention of the thing towards another thing. 5 Topographic point: this is an extrinsic accident said of a thing which makes a mention to where or location. Example. here. at that place. near. up. down. 6 Time: this deals with or makes a mention to when ; when is it runing: yesterday. now. so. before etc. 7 Position: this talk of a thing with mention to the order of a thing’s portion in a given topographic point. That is. what is its place? Is it dead set. standing. reversed. prone. foremost? 8 Possession: it is an accident peculiar to the homo being which includes all external equipments added to his natural organic structure such as vesture. decorations etc. it describes human existences as holding particular ownerships. 9 Action: this entails making or transporting out an activity. It is an accident which is the making of something to something else. Like heating. traveling a tabular array. cutting grass etc. 10 Passion: while the action is of making. passion is the receiving system. In other words. passion is an accident which is the receiving of something from something else such as being cut. being moved etc. RULES FOR THE CATEGORIES Before one can put a given thing in any one of the classs. one must detect the undermentioned regulations: 1 Merely simple worlds can be placed in a given class. That is to state that composite construct like â€Å"healthy child† must be reduced to its elements before trying to use the classs. Therefore. we have child as substance and healthy as quality. 2 The simple world must be a whole. The portion of something is placed in the same class as the whole to which it belongs. Example. the human manus as portion of the human being. is placed in the class of substance. 3 The simple world must be natural ; however. an unreal thing may be placed in the same class as the thing which it imitates. 4 The simple world must be a unequivocal word. for if the word is ambiguous. two different constructs are implied. every bit good as the possibility of two different classs. For case. â€Å"Bark† as the covering of a tree is placed in the class of substance. but as the sound of a Canis familiaris. it is in quality. 5 Merely the cosmopolitan nature can be placed in the classs and non the alone singular. Example. Canis familiaris stand foring the whole household Canis familiaris is acceptable non Regis or Alsatian stand foring a peculiar household of Canis familiaris. EVALUATION AND CONCLUSION From the foregoing. it could be said. from one’s point of position. that Aristotle classified footings upon the rudimentss of grammatical differentiation as to their usage. From another angle. it may be that he is non sorting lingual symbols but what they symbolize. that is. things. An ontological reading to this 2nd position. will show Aristotle as trying to sort the chief facets of world. However. the reply to what Aristotle is really making encompasses the three position as articulated in the words of Porphyry’s commentary on the classs ; â€Å"†¦ as things are. so are the looks which chiefly indicate them. † Conclusively. these classs are ways of showing how things relate to each other or ways in which we speak about worlds. Wordss uncombined can be said to intend and fall into one or other of the above 10 classs. What Aristotle wants to emphasis is that there is a series of related things or events that leads to â€Å"science† . This order is. in the first topographic point the being of things and their procedures ; secondly. our believing about things and their behavior ; and eventually. the transmutation of our idea. Hence. logic is the analysis of linguistic communication. the procedure of concluding. and the manner linguistic communication and concluding are related to world. BIBLIOGRAPHY BRUGGER. W. A ; BAKER. K. : â€Å"Categories† in Philosophical Dictionary. New York: Drams associates Inc. . 1966. 51-55. EDWARD. P. ( erectile dysfunction ) : â€Å"Aristotle† The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Vol. 1 A ; 2. New York: Macmillan Publishing Inc. A ; the Free Press. 1967. 155-157. FLEW. A. : â€Å"Aristotle. † in The Dictionary of Philosophy. London: Pan Book. 1984. 160-163. HALVERSON. W. A. : Concise Introduction to Philosophy ; 2nd Edition. New York: Random House. 1967. LEVY. I. M. : â€Å"Categories. † in Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary and Thesaurus. Chicago 2009. CDR. LEVY. I. M. : â€Å"Aristotle’s Classs. † in Encyclopedia Britannica Student A ; Home Edition. Chicago 2009. CDR. OZUMBA. G. O. : A Concise Introduction to Epistemology. Calabar: Ebenezer Printing Press A ; Computer Service. 2001. SPANGLER M. : Logic ; an Aristotelean Approach. rpm. erectile dysfunction. Old line state: University Press of America Inc. . 1993. STUMPF. S. E. : Doctrine ; History A ; Problem. North America: McGraw-Hill Inc. 1994.

Measures of Central Tendency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Measures of Central Tendency - Essay Example Some books define measures of central tendency as measures of the central position. When applying the use of these measures of central tendency, some measures prove to be more effective and appropriate than others (Sharpe, 10). When applying the measures of central tendency one has to know the appropriate measure to use and under what condition is it suitable to work. There are three measures of central tendency, which includes the mean, mode, and median. Mean is the arithmetic average of a given set of data. Mean is the division of the sum of all available data by the number of all observations that contribute to the total sum of the data. Mean is summarizes the ratio or interval data in situations where the given set of data is symmetrical. The total frequency within each class interval concentrates at the midpoint of a given class interval (Davies, 21). To calculate the mean of a set of variables, one needs to divide the sum of all observations by the total number of the given obs ervations. The reasons for this procedure are that the total value is dependent on two factors that are values of individual observations and the total number of observation. When determining the mean of a given set of data, one has to standardize the simple sum by evenly distributing it across all observations. The formula for calculating mean is; Mean= Total sum/total observations. Mean has several advantages as a measure of central tendency since it takes all values of the observation into account. Also, mean is unique since each set of data has its own unique mean. However, mean is susceptible to influence from other outliners. Unusual values that are numerically large or small in a given set of data can affect the outcome of mean (Davies, 22). Additionally, the mean method is not appropriate when measuring the central position of skewed data. In case of skewed data, the mean losses the ability to show the central position of the data because of the skewness  always drags it f rom the typical value.

Organizational Performance Measurement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Organizational Performance Measurement - Essay Example As a whole and general principle, a critical viewpoint differs or can be said as it is outside of the managerialist course in order to learn strategy as a definite organizational process. Through research and several other reviews it was seen that there are many approaches that are critical to strategic management and one of them is the processual school that asserts to illustrate how strategy is actually made from bargaining, constructivist, and embryonic perspectives. But the case is that processual approaches keep some promise however quickly move en route for prescriptive managerialism. Next I would add about a more profound critique from critical theory and postmodern insights. Strategy can be witnessed as a set of practices and discussions which promotes influential rationality it also reiterates hierarchical relations of power and most of all analytically privileges the interests and perspectives of particular groups. This approach has been important in probing the principles of strategy what it lacks is the point that its focus on discussion and lack of concern with the reality of strategy is to a very valid extent its potential weakness. The third and final approach that I like to discuss is drawn from Gramsci which gives an offer from a historical materialist perspective, this approach pays more attention to the actual content of strategy. Here the debatable point is that the strategic exploitation of discursive, managerial, and monetary resources in supporting or challenging supremacy suggests a strategic notion of power and a political standpoint on corporate strategies to exercise market power, influence government policies, , discipline labor and refuse to accept pressures from social groups. This approach also points to a more encompassing image of liberation strategies. Next we can asses the corporate culture in order to get the perspective about the organization involved. Corporate culture is often determined by the beliefs of the people at the controls -- and this culture can affect the way individuals in the organization respond to adversity. For example, a corporate culture based on top management's belief that "No matter what, employees will always work as little as possible, so it's our job to monitor them closely" can foster mistrust and an "us/them" thinking style. In Adaptive terms, this would create a less resilient organization. Senior management can use the Adaptive skill set to build a corporate culture that endorses a flexible, optimistic approach to handling adversity. They can learn to identify their own and their company's cultural "thinking style". They can then check it for common errors in logic and identify the consequences of the style to themselves and to the organization. Corporate Governance and organizational performance To understand the better functioning of a corporation one must know about the corporate governance which is identified as a field in economics that examines how to secure efficient running of organization by the utilization of incentive mechanisms, such as agreements, organizational designs and legislation. This is often limited to the question of improving financial performance, for example, how the corporate owners can secure/motivate that the corporate managers will deliver a competitive rate of return. It is the system

Importance Of E-learning For Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Importance Of E-learning For Education - Essay Example More specifically, I am going to focus on paragraph 2 and paragraph 3. In paragraph 2 of the outline, I briefly mentioned on the effect of the introduction of eLearning to teachers. According to a research conducted by Boston College in 2010, where they were evaluating the effect of eLearning on the teacher's mastery as well as their students, they found out that eLearning was important to the teachers since they were able to better master the content. However, due to continued use of eLearning, some were found to be highly dependent on it and did not deliver effectively. The students were also found to be able to get the proper mastery of the content taught since they could read the books, even from their phones as long as they could connect to the internet. (Laura, 20). Thus, from this information, it is very open that the use of learning does not have a negative effect on the teachers as it is usually asserted, on the contrary, it helps the teachers to effectively dispense their activities. I also focused on the regulation of learning activities by the governments in this paragraph. Basically, governments have the power to alter or influence the activities carried out in their jurisdictions. This being the case, the regulation of learning by governments in different countries is not a matter of much worry, assuming that the governments in question will act in good faith and in order to balance different activities for the good of its citizens. In paragraph three, I mentioned about the effects that the use of eLearning technologies has had on the publishing world. Though there are various thoughts and conviction, it is evident that the eLearning technology has had effects on the publishing industry. However, there is every reason to encourage the use of e-learning technology despite the danger it poses to the publishing market.

PEST(EL) Analysis of Finland and Chine

PEST(EL) Analysis of Finland and Chine Finland is a parliamentary republic government with a multiparty political system based country lead by the head of state which is the president. Finland president hold a period of 6 years term with maximum two consecutive term elected by the Finnish. Both the Prime Minister and Deputy Prime Minister dominated by the president after the parliamentary elections. They are the head of government and having the executive power to the government including the EU issues. Women in Finland are treated fairly great. They represented 38% of the seats in the 200 members of parliament in the year of 2003. Besides, part of them holding important positions like foreign minister, speaker of parliament and so on. The most significant position of Finnish ladies ever hold is president in the year 2000 by Tarja Halonen and primes minister by Anneli Jaatteenmaki in March 2003. Economic Factors Finland is a highly industrialized country with GDP of $181.4billion in year 2009, over 40% from the GDP are from the contribution of exporting goods and services. The primary economy sector in Finland is service sector which contribute about 65.7% and followed by manufacturing sector in producing metals, chemicals, and so on. Taxation system in Finland is very difference with the other countries. Finnish hold their own tax card to prevent the card holder from getting highly taxed by their government. Those people without tax card are taxed 60% from all the income they obtained. The most significant industry in Finland is Nokia, which is one of the world largest and notable mobile phone producers. Due to the highly success of the development of Nokia in Finland, this enable Finnish have the opportunity to own mobile phone and also connect to the internet much earlier before this becomes common in the United Stated and other countries in the world. Social Factors Finland hold the population over 5.32 million inhabitants, a part from the whole populations, there is 2.7million of them are workforce and 2.5 million from them are employed. Public sector is the most popular sector the Finnish to contribute in. Major ethnics group in Finland include Finns, Swedes, Lapps, Sami, Roma, and Tatars, and majority of them roughly about 91% speak in Finnish. Besides, large numbers of them are believed in Lutheran. In the education system of Finland, children who reach the age of 9 years old are compulsory for them to start school. The attendance and literacy rate in Finland are almost hundred percent. This is among the higher in the ranking of education index in the word. Free meals will be provided for students who study in primary and secondary schools. Besides, the government absorbs the tuition fees, which mean there are 0 tuition fees for their full time students. Technological Factors Staying ahead Finland has long been recognized for the success of the work it has done to promote innovation and the results speak for themselves in many areas. Finland cannot afford to rest on its laurels. This identified a number of shortcomings, most particularly in the area of business support and making it easier for small businesses and start-ups to access the support and incentives that already exist. Finland has international links that need to be strengthened in research, the university world, and business. Being able to tap into the dynamism of the globalization process going on around us more effectively is a challenge facing many other countries as well as Finland. Staying ahead of the competition is a must. Greater sustainability One of the fundamental trends under way and one highlighted by Tekes, the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation is the growing emphasis on the need for greater sustainability and reducing unnecessary wastage of the worlds dwindling natural resources. Addressing this challenge will call for a range of new innovations based on a much lower level of resource usage than we accept today, innovations that have a smaller footprint across the entire life cycle of products and services. The need for these types of innovations is perhaps most obvious in areas such as renewable energy, but ultimately it is also likely to be felt across all the products and services that people interact with in one way or another. Clean technology Finland has already made great strides in developing energy-efficient systems and technologies, and is committed to doing more in this area. The country is expected to be one of the fastest-growing renewable energy markets in Europe over the next five years, and wants to be one of the EUs leading users of renewable energy per capita by 2020. A number of initiatives are under way to promote the development of environmental technologies and services in Finland, including the Cleantech programme and the new Strategic Centre for Science, Technology and Innovation that has been created to focus on advanced RD in the energy and environment sector, alongside the other five centres already in place. Known as CLEEN, its research agenda will address issues such as carbon-neutral energy generation, distributed energy systems, sustainable fuels, smart grids, efficient energy use, resource-efficient production technologies and services, recycling, and waste management. Legal Factors Welfare State and Rule of Law form the Basis Finland is a welfare state. The state and the municipality of residence have to guarantee everyone a worthwhile existence and offer equal opportunities for a balanced and active life. People also have to have sufficient knowledge of their rights and responsibilities. A system of legal safeguards guarantees that these rights are upheld. Societal stability, the quality of the judicial system, good governance and effective legal safeguards are important competitive factors in ever more global and integrated markets. Strategic Action towards 2012 within Legal Policy Increase the flexibility of legal proceedings. Improve the equality of the citizens in legal safety cases. Improve the efficiency of crime prevention and broad-based criminal policy. Better support and compensation systems for crime victims. Rapid enforcement of criminal responsibility. Increase the prevention of disruptions of payment. Improve the fairness and efficiency of the collection of claims. Assess the up-to-datedness of family and inheritance legislation. Strategic Action towards 2012 on Governmental Level Strengthen structures supporting good law drafting. More effective evaluation of the alternatives to and effects of legislation. Support cooperation in order to create functional democracy. Create opportunities and forms for civil participation. Promote the enforcement of rights within the EU. Stress the development of practical forms of cooperation for the prevention of international crime. Emphasise clarity, transparency, good governance and the protection of fundamental rights in the activities of the EU. Why do you think Finland tops the chart for overall ranking of the Best Countries in The World? Finland education is ranked number 1 in the world. Finland has set education as a national priority and believes that future generations do not have prospects for a healthy lifestyle if the population is not well educated. Finland quality of life is ranked number 4 in the world. The standard of living in Finland is better. The Finland citizen has lots of holidays so families can actually spend time together. Finland economy dynamism is ranked number 8 in the world. Finland or the Republic of Finland has a mixed economy which is highly industrialized. The country located in the northern Europe has rich natural resources like gold, silver copper, timber and limestone. The country also has deposits of iron, lead, zinc, chromium and copper across the country. Service, which is the largest economic sector of the country, forms more than 67 percent of the total and the next sector, manufacturing accounts, for more than 30 percent of the economy of Finland. PESTEL Analysis for China Political Factors The primary system in China is socialist system. The Constitution is the fundamental law of the state and entitled with the highest legislative power. All other laws and regulations shall be consistent with it. It has been amended four times since its adoption and will be continuously optimized to better suit the changing environment. The National Peoples Congress (NPC) is the Chinas fundamental political system. It is composed of representatives from provinces, autonomous regions, direct municipalities and the military. Chinese Communist Party (CPC) is the ruling party with other eight political parties. The eight parties are parties participating in the discussion and management of state affairs in cooperation with the CPC instead of parties in opposition. This leads to relative stable politic in China. A unique form of political risk occurs in China, and this is the constant battle between the countrys central government and the provincial and local governments over applicable law, and observance or non-observance of it. This makes companies operating in China hard to know exactly what the rules are. Economic Factors Since 1949, the Chinese government has adopted planned economy system for 30 years. Though this system contributed to the stable, planned developments of the Chinas economy, it also limited the economy development and sapped its vitality. The Chinas economic reforms began first in the rural areas in 1978 and shifted to the cities in 1984. The implementation of reform transforms Chinas economy into a socialist market economy. China is the fastest growing major economy in the world, with an average growth rate of 10% for the past 30 years. Chinas embrace of the World Trade Organization and foreign direct investment is unprecedented and contributes significantly to its growth success. China overtook Germany as the worlds biggest exporter of goods in 2009. Its booming investment and consumption are helping to rebalance the world economy although Beijing has refused to let the yuan rise against the dollar since the global financial crisis began in mid-2008. However, there is numerous weaknesses challenge the economic growth of China. One of the most serious weaknesses is the conflict of interests between central government and local government. Local officials primary priority has been to promote themselves and their careers by pushing for high investment rates and output levels whereas central officials are more concerned with excessive investment, unsold inventories, and local policies risking nationwide price inflation. Besides, corruption is mainly a government phenomenon in China. Corruption especially affects government handling of a wide range of local problems such as economic reforms and the need to compensate losers in the process of modernization. Social Factors There are around 1.3 billion inhabitants in China. The Chinese government tries to control its population growth by strict family planning policy, with the goal of one child per family. However, the policy is conducted with exceptions in rural areas and for ethnic minorities. For religion, Buddhism is most widely practiced, with an estimated 100 million adherents. Traditional Taoism also is practiced. China is still an industrializing agrarian society and has a long way to go to attain an industrial society, so most of the people do not have access to the best of Chinas recent improvements. Most modern Chinese young adults do not go to college, to which entrance is obtained by passing the Gaokao, a standardized test at the end of the year. In the year 2000, less than 50 percent of the population finished junior high, and less than 15 percent finished senior high or vocational school. In 2000, only 3.6 percent of the population went to college. Amongst high school and vocational schoo l graduates, less than one tenth had the chance to go to college. There is one private car per 120 people. In China, people with associates degrees and above comprise less than 5% of the population. Technological Factors Cement industry of China has many technological advances compare to other countries. China cement industry focuses on energy-saving, consumption reduction, environmental protection, quality and productivity improvement, and clean and intensive production for sustainable development. China has developed 60 types of special cements with independent intellectual property rights such as high strength cement, silicate cement, and oil well cement. New suspension preheater (NSP) sintering system is the main processing equipment of a NSP cement production line. China has been developed advanced NSP technologies of 1000-5000 t/d sintering systems. The design of 10000t/d NSP sintering system has also been completed and three production lines are under construction. Electricity consumption of cement production largely depends on grinding process in normal circumstances. In China, the combined power consumption of NSP plants has decreased from 125kwh/t in the 1980s to 95kwh/t today in some moder n plants, mainly due to the adoption of advanced technologies and equipments, such as advanced roller mill and high efficiency separator. Environmental Factors There are some current environmental issues in China. Poor land management and excessive industrialization on fragile grasslands is driving to desertification in China. Besides, the climate change is exacerbating the problems. Unrestrained development and industrialization throughout the country makes China particularly vulnerable to growing changes in the climate due to rapidly increasing levels of greenhouse gas emissions in the worlds atmosphere. Desertification is engulfing ecosystems with sand and reducing already scarce arable land and creates eco-refugees. Chinas economy based mainly on heavy industry and coal for cheap energy emits high levels of greenhouse gases, ultimately accelerating global warming and climate change. To alleviate the short-term effects of climate change, China has started to use artificial precipitation and other experimental means. The Chinese government also has begun to adopt stricter energy conservation legislation and increase and international coop eration to combat threats that climate change may bring to China. Legal Factors The judiciary in China means law-enforcement activities conducted by the countrys judicial organs and organizations in handling prosecuted or non-prosecuted cases. Sources of law are as follow: 1982 Constitution of the Peoples Republic of China The Constitution of the PRC guarantees the basic rights and interests of citizens. Chinas Constitution has been amended for four times since its adoption in 1982, most recently this year on March 14, 2004 when the National Peoples Congress voted to include formal guarantees of human rights. NPC Statutory Law and Other Legislative Enactments China has intensified legislative action on enacting and revising laws and regulations in accordance with its having become in late 2001 a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Up to the end of 2003, around 440 laws and law-related decisions enacted by the NPC and its Standing Committee, more than 1,000 administrative regulations enacted by the State Council and 10,000 local ordinances had been formulated. International Treaties Though the 1982 Constitution does not specify the treatment of international law in relation to the laws of the PRC, in practice the legislative approach has been to automatically incorporate international law as part of PRC law. If, however, the PRC has made a reservation to a provision of a treaty, this aspect or provision of the treaty is not implemented in the law. Case Law In theory, each case stands as its own decision and will not bind another court. However, in practice lower peoples courts judges often attempt to follow the interpretations of the laws decided by the Supreme Peoples Courts.

Herb Brooks: Charismatic Motivation in Coaching Essay -- essays resear

Herb Brooks: Charismatic Motivation in Coaching In the following essay, I will argue that Herbert â€Å"Herb† Brooks was a charismatic leader due to his powerful motivation and his high expectations. He expected great things from the players he coached, but mostly, he expected them to think of the team and not themselves. He motivated with a powerful punch, mostly through fear, but was able to unite his teams and eventually the country. Herb Brooks was born on August 5, 1937 in St. Paul Minnesota (Herb Brooks). Growing up in Minnesota, he became attached to the sport of ice hockey. He spent years practicing and playing this sport, and in 1955, he led his high school team to the state championship. After three years of college at the University of Minnesota, he joined the 1960 Olympic hockey team, but was cut from the team just before the Olympic games. He played for the United States in the next two Olympic games, and in 1970 he picked up his coaching career at the University of Minnesota. In his six year’s of coaching at the university, he led the team to three national championships (Herb Brooks). In 1980, his United States Olympic hockey team, consisting of all college students, achieved one of the greatest spectacles in sports history: â€Å"The miracle on ice.† His team beat the Soviets in a white-knuckle, heart pounding game with a score of four to three. The Soviet’s were a well trai ned, terrifying team that were considered to be the greatest hockey team that has ever taken the ice. After leading his team to this miraculous victory, he continued his coaching career up until his tragic death in 2003. His high expectations for his team and his fearful, powerful motivational techniques led him down a path of greatness that helped him become an inspiration to all. Brooks' 1980 Olympic hockey team consisted of college students whose average age was 22 years, and was full of rivalry because of players being from different universities. This young team was being matched against some opponents who had played and practiced together year-round, for several years. The Soviets had beaten a team of National Hockey League all-stars the year before, and they triumphed over this young U.S. team at an exhibition game in New York a week before the Olympiad (Herb Brooks). Herb did not ... ...out the best in every player that played for him. Although he seemed harsh at first, the team members bought into his methods of motivation, and became united as a team. Herb communicated to them his goals and aspirations, and the team was able to set its sights on the future. He had many dreams, and once said, according to the ESPN website, "You know, Willie Wonka said it best: We are the makers of dreams, the dreamers of dreams. We should be dreaming. We grew up as kids having dreams, but now we're too sophisticated as adults, as a nation. We stopped dreaming. We should always have dreams. I’m a dreamer.† His dreams bringing out the best in every player became reality, and it not only united his team, but it united the country. Herb Brooks was a great inspiration to his many team members throughout the years, and now he is remembered as a powerful motivator and an inspiration to the nation as a strong charismatic leader. Works Cited Herb Brooks. Retrieved April 14, 2005 from the world wide web: http://galenet.galegroup.com. Coach Known Best for 1980 Hockey Gold. (2003, August). The Associated Press. Retrieved April 14, 2005 from the World Wide Web: http://www.espn.com.

Illiteracy as Third World Problem Essay

It is true that illiteracy is becoming a serious problem in industrialised nations. This is surprising as most people think that this is a problem only in under-developed nations such as in parts of Africa and India. Illiteracy is related to many other problems such as poverty, over-population and governmental corruption. Let us take a more detailed look at the causes of this growing problem in many Western nations. One of the most obvious reasons for the increase in illiteracy is the advent of television. Children no longer have to read to obtain information. Neither do they have to read to relax. Today children get home from school and go straight to â€Å"the box† to watch their favorite program. Watching television is much easier and more exciting than reading. Another reason for the increase in illiteracy is the fact that so many women work. This means that children are often alone at home and so they are unsupervised. When parents get home they are often too tired to spend quality time whit their children. It is also true that many people blame schools for the decline in illiteracy. In many countries there has been a move away from teaching basic skills such as reading and writing. There are many effects of this growing illiteracy rate. The most obvious is unemployment. This may in turn lead to alcohol and drug abuse. Ultimately the economy of the country begins to suffer and there is a drop in living standards. To address this problem, parents need to become more aware of their responsibilities and schools need to consider a change in their teaching methods. If this worsening trend is not reversed, the problem of illiteracy will become very serious.

Secession Debated Essay Example

Secession Debated Essay Example Secession Debated Paper Secession Debated Paper Secession Debated BY love_allY123 History 2110, Secession Debated Reading Worksheet For any six of the following items (you may omit any one of the following, except Joe Brown), A) define each orators position B) list 2 or 3 of their major arguments C) choose 1 or 2 quotes that you think best typify their position, or quotes that you find particularly striking. 1. Thomas R. R. Cobb Delivered his speech in Milledgeville on November 12, 1860 and the night before in Athens. Thomas was a very well educated man and served as a longtime clerk on the Georgia Supreme Court. He wrote many books on Georgia Laws nd Supreme Court Manuals. He also wrote a book called Law of Negro Slavery which highlighted his practice of restraint, control and puritanical Christianity views. Clearly he was a secessionist being a faithful Georgia man however his speech isnt all fire and war. He promoted control rebellion with specific reasons as to why secession is a viable option. In his speech he focuses on the effort of the northern states and frequently condemns Personal Liberty Laws. The parties are all dead, let them be buried and with them let us bury all the political and personal animosities which they have engendered and as brothers, as riends, as Georgias sons, let us come and take council together, how we shall avenge her wrongs, promote her prosperity and preserve her honor. The exclusion of half the states of the union has been decreed and we are called upon to record the fiat. Will you do it men of Georgia? 2. Robert Toombs was a faithful Georgia man and an a vid secessionist. His eloquence and passion allowed him to win over many antebellum Georgians with the speech he gave on November 13th, 1860 in Milledgeville. He served as a Georgia congress representative in 1846 the on the Senate in 1851; clearly a politically seasoned man. He starts his basic speech with a straight up call to action. We have not sought this conflict; we have sought too long avoid it; our forbearance has been construed into weakness, our magnanimity into fear until the vindication of our manhood, as well as the defense of our rights is required at our hands. The door of conciliation and compromise is finally closed by our adversaries and it remains only to us to meet the conflict with dignity and firmness of men worthy of freedom. The continues his speech with the unfair treatment of the south as if it were some nothing but barren land and derision. He talks about how the north is more favored than the south and says so in his next quote. Thus stands the account between the North and the South. Under its ordinary and most favorable action, bounties and protection to every interest and every pursuit in the North, to the extent of at least fifty millions per annum, besides the expenditure among them, thus making the treasury a perpetual fertilizing stream to them and their industry and a suction pump to drain away our substance and parch up our lands. 3. Alexander Stephens was a Georgian representative in The United States House of Representatives before and after the civil war and served as the Vice President of the Confederate States of America during the war. He was very good friends with Robert Toombs and it threw him for quite a loop when Stephens gave a unionist speech. These first two quotes from his speech was one that really stood out to me being the he Just stated what he thought so plainly and gives this situation a different feel. He is telling his fellow Georgians that nationalism is more important than having a southerner in office. He is playing the you should know better card and trying to make it seem like he is putting trust into these men. My countrymen, I tell you frankly, candidly, and earnestly, that I do not think that they ought. In my Judgment, the election of no man, constitutionally chosen to that high office, is sufficient cause to Justify any State to separate from the Union. It ought to stand by and aid still in maintaining the Constitution of the country. l trust, my countrymen, you will be still and silent. I am addressing your good sense. I am giving you my views, in a calm and dispassionate manner, and if any of you differ with me, you can on some other occasion give your views, as I am doing now, nd let reason and true patriotism decided between us. In my Judgment, I say, under such circumstances, there would be no possible disgrace for a Southern man to hold office. No man will be suffered to be appointed, I have no doubt, who is not true to the Constitution, if Southern Senators are true to their trusts, as I cannot permit myself to doubt that they will be. 4. Benjamin Hill was a unionist who gave his speech November 16, 1860. Hill was a U. S. Representative, U. S. senator, and a confederate senator from Hillsboro. He also ran for governor against Joseph Brown but was unsuccessful. He was also known as the peerless orator due to his eloquence and verbosity. A quote that really stuck out to me was this next one because it seemed to me like he was saying as Georgians they should not get mad at the Union for these recent aggressions since they happen so frequently they should not be talking about secession since that is a part of their everyday life. ignity, to our self-respect as Union men and Southern men, to have a cessation of these aggressions and an end to these disturbances. I do not think we should wait for any further violation of the Constitution. The Constitution has already been violated and even defiled. These violations are repeated every day. We must resist, and to attempt to resist and not do so effectively even to the full e xtent of the evil will be to bring shame on ourselves, our State, and our cause 5. Henry Benning gave his secessionist speech on Monday evening of November 19th, 1860. Benning was a Jack of all trades, he was a lawyer, legislature, and a Judge on the Georgia Supreme Court; man knew his way around the legal system, clearly. Fort Benning is actually named after him. His speech was very compelling and started off trange, it certainly got my attention more so than the others and was probably a breath of fresh air compared to the wait it out political views of the unionists. Bennings strong use of comparisons really makes his speech so much more entertaining and persuading. I almost feel compelled to secede after reading it. But this quote shows it more so that the injustices that the south has faced are more ugly, like a disease. l say that a separation from the North would be a complete remedy for the disease a complete remedy for both diseases, a remedy not merely to prevent abolition, but lso to heal the fugitive slave ulcer 6. Joseph E. Brown, governor of Georgia at the time sent out a letter on the 7th of December, 1860. Being a slave holder he strongly supported secession and with this letter he inflated popular vote from 51% to 58% to secede. He starts out his letter with three propositions, three questions attempting to Justify secession in the common mind. He was basically asking are you sure this is what you want? to the common people. Then he goes on basically double checking the reasons why they should secede and if they are Justifiable or not. However my favorite quote, which is oward the end is this next one. He Just states so plainly how he feels and does not apologize for what he says, well he is the governor so he doesnt really have to. My honest convictions are, that we can never again live in peace with the Northern abolitionists He then ends his speech with this next quote after persuading the audience that they should not be fighting each other but their common enemy. My fervent prayer is, that the God of our fathers may inspire the Convention with wisdom, and so direct their counsels as to protect our rights and preserve our liberties to the latest generation. I find Thomas Cobbs speech the most mesmerizi ng and compelling out of all of these. Like the book described in Thomass short bio before the speech one listener declared that is was the best speech he had ever heard and that he should definitely deliver it in Milledgeville. Since Thomas was already a man familiar with politics and slavery due to his books that he had written before I believe he was more than qualified to make a speech such as he did. I found it compelling, heartfelt and genuine. Because of it was a speech given so genuinely and so desirously I honestly felt like seceding after reading it. Because he started out very humble saying he is a common man then slowly eased into Lincoln being elected and if that is grounds for secession then talks about the constitution and condemns the Personal Liberty Laws and goes into four points of secession and what really are the grounds for it. Lastly he ends his speech thwarting the Fugitive Law of the Federal Government. I believe it was a well-planned, well invoked speech that got the point across clearly to the common man which was important back then since they took a popular vote on secession, 166 130 favored secession so clearly they got the point somehow.

113 Great Research Paper Topics

3 Great Research Paper Topics SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips One of the hardest parts of writing a research paper can be just finding a good topic to write about. Fortunately we’ve done the hard work for you and have compiled a list of 3 interesting research paper topics. They’ve been organized into ten categories and cover a wide range of subjects so you can easily find the best topic for you. In addition to the list of good research topics, we've included advice on what makes a good research paper topic and how you can use your topic to start writing a great paper. What Makes a Good Research Paper Topic? Not all research paper topics are created equal, and you want to make sure you choose a great topic before you start writing. Below are the three most important factors to consider to make sure you choose the best research paper topics. #1: It’s Something You’re Interested In A paper is always easier to write if you’re interested in the topic, and you’ll be more motivated to do in-depth research and write a paper that really covers the entire subject. Even if a certain research paper topic is getting a lot of buzz right now or other people seem interested in writing about it, don’t feel tempted to make it your topic unless you genuinely have some sort of interest in it as well. #2: There’s Enough Information to Write a Paper Even if you come up with the absolute best research paper topic and you’re so excited to write about it, you won’t be able to produce a good paper if there isn’t enough research about the topic. This can happen for very specific or specialized topics, as well as topics that are too new to have enough research done on them at the moment. Easy research paper topics will always be topics with enough information to write a full-length paper. Trying to write a research paper on a topic that doesn’t have much research on it is incredibly hard, so before you decide on a topic, do a bit of preliminary searching and make sure you’ll have all the information you need to write your paper. #3: It Fits Your Teacher’s Guidelines Don’t get so carried away looking at lists of research paper topics that you forget any requirements or restrictions your teacher may have put on research topic ideas. If you’re writing a research paper on a health-related topic, deciding to write about the impact of rap on the music scene probably won’t be allowed, but there may be some sort of leeway. For example, if you’re really interested in current events but your teacher wants you to write a research paper on a history topic, you may be able to choose a topic that fits both categories, like exploring the relationship between the US and North Korea. No matter what, always get your research paper topic approved by your teacher first before you begin writing. 3 Good Research Paper Topics Below are 3 good research topics to help you get you started on your paper. We’ve organized them into ten categories to make it easier to find the type of research paper topics you’re looking for. Arts/Culture Discuss the main differences in art from the Italian Renaissance and the Northern Renaissance. Analyze the impact a famous artist had on the world. How is sexism portrayed in different types of media (music, film, video games, etc.)? Has the amount/type of sexism changed over the years? How has the music of slaves brought over from Africa shaped modern American music? How has rap music evolved in the past decade? How has the portrayal of minorities in the media changed? Current Events What have been the impacts of China’s one child policy? How have the goals of feminists changed over the decades? How has the Trump presidency changed international relations? Analyze the history of the relationship between the United States and North Korea. What factors contributed to the current decline in the rate of unemployment? What have been the impacts of states which have increased their minimum wage? How do US immigration laws compare to immigration laws of other countries? How have the US’s immigration laws changed in the past few years/decades? How has the Black Lives Matter movement affected discussions and view about racism in the US? What impact has the Affordable Care Act had on healthcare in the US? What factors contributed to the UK deciding to leave the EU (Brexit)? What factors contributed to China becoming an economic power? Discuss the history of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. Education Do students in schools that eliminate grades do better in college and their careers? Do students from wealthier backgrounds score higher on standardized tests? Do students who receive free meals at school get higher grades compared to when they weren’t receiving a free meal? Do students who attend charter schools score higher on standardized tests than students in public schools? Do students learn better in same-sex classrooms? How does giving each student access to an iPad or laptop affect their studies? What are the benefits and drawbacks of the Montessori Method? Do children who attend preschool do better in school later on? What was the impact of the No Child Left Behind act? How does the US education system compare to education systems in other countries? What impact does mandatory physical education classes have on students’ health? Which methods are most effective at reducing bullying in schools? Do homeschoolers who attend college do as well as students who attended traditional schools? Does offering tenure increase or decrease quality of teaching? How does college debt affect future life choices of students? Should graduate students be able to form unions? Ethics What are different ways to lower gun-related deaths in the US? How and why have divorce rates changed over time? Is affirmative action still necessary in education and/or the workplace? Should physician-assisted suicide be legal? How has stem cell research impacted the medical field? How can human trafficking be reduced in the United States/world? Should people be able to donate organs in exchange for money? Government Which types of juvenile punishment have proven most effective at preventing future crimes? Has the increase in US airport security made passengers safer? Analyze the immigration policies of certain countries and how they are similar and different from one another. Several states have legalized recreational marijuana. What positive and negative impacts have they experienced as a result? Do tariffs increase the number of domestic jobs? Which prison reforms have proven most effective? Should governments be able to censor certain information on the internet? Health Which methods/programs have been most effective at reducing teen pregnancy? What are the benefits and drawbacks of the Keto diet? How effective are different exercise regimes for losing weight and maintaining weight loss? How do the healthcare plans of various countries differ from each other? What are the most effective ways to treat depression? What are the pros and cons of genetically modified foods? Which methods are most effective for improving memory? What can be done to lower healthcare costs in the US? What factors contributed to the current opioid crisis? Analyze the history and impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Are low-carbohydrate or low-fat diets more effective for weight loss? How much exercise should the average adult be getting each week? Which methods are most effective to get parents to vaccinate their children? What are the pros and cons of clean needle programs? How does stress affect the body? History Discuss the history of the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians. What were the causes and effects of the Salem Witch Trials? Who was responsible for the Iran-Contra situation? How has New Orleans and the government’s response to natural disasters changed since Hurricane Katrina? What events led to the fall of the Roman Empire? What were the impacts of British rule in India? Was the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki necessary? What were the successes and failures of the women’s suffrage movement in the United States? What were the causes of the Civil War? How did Abraham Lincoln’s assassination impact the country and reconstruction after the Civil War? Which factors contributed to the colonies winning the American Revolution? What caused Hitler’s rise to power? Discuss how a specific invention impacted history. What led to Cleopatra’s fall as ruler of Egypt? How has Japan changed and evolved over the centuries? What were the causes of the Rwandan genocide? Religion Why did Martin Luther decide to split with the Catholic Church? Analyze the history and impact of a well-known cult (Jonestown, Manson family, etc.) How did the sexual abuse scandal impact how people view the Catholic Church? How has the Catholic church’s power changed over the past decades/centuries? What are the causes behind the rise in atheism/agnosticism in the United States? What were the influences in Siddhartha's life resulted in him becoming the Buddha? How has media portrayal of Islam/Muslims changed since September th? Science/Environment How has the earth’s climate changed in the past few decades? How has the use and elimination of DDT affected bird populations in the US? Analyze how the number and severity of natural disasters have increased in the past few decades. Analyze deforestation rates in a certain area or globally over a period of time. How have past oil spills changed regulations and cleanup methods? How has the Flint water crisis changed water regulation safety? What are the pros and cons of fracking? What impact has the Paris Climate Agreement had so far? What have NASA’s biggest successes and failures been? How can we improve access to clean water around the world? Does ecotourism actually have a positive impact on the environment? Should the US rely on nuclear energy more? What can be done to save amphibian species currently at risk of extinction? What impact has climate change had on coral reefs? How are black holes created? Technology Are teens who spend more time on social media more likely to suffer anxiety and/or depression? How will the loss of net neutrality affect internet users? Analyze the history and progress of self-driving vehicles. How has the use of drones changed surveillance and warfare methods? Has social media made people more or less connected? What progress has currently been made with artificial intelligence? Do smartphones increase or decrease workplace productivity? What are the most effective ways to use technology in the classroom? How is Google search affecting our intelligence? When is the best age for a child to begin owning a smartphone? Has frequent texting reduced teen literacy rates? How to Write a Great Research Paper Even great research paper topics won’t give you a great research paper if you don’t hone your topic before and during the writing process. Follow these three tips to turn good research paper topics into great papers. #1: Figure Out Your Thesis Early Before you start writing a single word of your paper, you first need to know what your thesis will be. Your thesis is a statement that explains what you intend to prove/show in your paper. Every sentence in your research paper will relate back to your thesis, so you don’t want to start writing without it! As some examples, if you’re writing a research paper on if students learn better in same-sex classrooms, your thesis might be â€Å"Research has shown that elementary-age students in same-sex classrooms score higher on standardized tests and report feeling more comfortable in the classroom.† If you’re writing a paper on the causes of the Civil War, your thesis might be â€Å"While the dispute between the North and South over slavery is the most well-known cause of the Civil War, other key causes include differences in the economies of the North and South, states’ rights, and territorial expansion." #2: Back Every Statement Up With Research Remember, this is a research paper you’re writing, so you’ll need to use lots of research to make your points. Every statement you give must be backed up with research, properly cited the way your teacher requested. You’re allowed to include opinions of your own, but they must also be supported by the research you give. #3: Do Your Research Before You Begin Writing You don’t want to start writing your research paper and then learn that there isn’t enough research to back up the points you’re making, or, even worse, that the research contradicts the points you’re trying to make! Get most of your research on your good research topics done before you begin writing. Then use the research you’ve collected to create a rough outline of what your paper will cover and the key points you’re going to make. This will help keep your paper clear and organized, and it’ll ensure you have enough research to produce a strong paper. What's Next? Are you also learning about dynamic equilibrium in your science class? We break this sometimes tricky concept down so it's easy to understand in our complete guide to dynamic equilibrium. (coming soon) Thinking about becoming a nurse practitioner? Nurse practitioners have one of the fastest growing careers in the country, and we have all the information you need to know about what to expect from nurse practitioner school. Want to know the fastest and easiest ways to convert between Fahrenheit and Celsius? We've got you covered! Check out our guide to the best ways to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit (or vice versa).